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Yoga Sutras 2.1
Traditional perspective
The Gita holds several yogas together — knowledge, action, devotion, meditation — inside a dramatic crisis of duty.
Traditional perspective
Vedanta names several schools reading the Upanishads. They agree that liberation and knowledge of Brahman matter, and disagree about the world's status and the self's relation to God.
Traditional perspective
Classical Yoga maps the mind's movements and a path of stilling them. It is allied with Sankhya metaphysics more than with Advaita, despite modern blending.
Traditional perspective
Sankhya enumerates the principles of experience. Consciousness (purusha) is many, nature (prakriti) evolves the world of experience.
Traditional perspective
Bhakti centres love and relationship with the divine. It is not one church. It includes quiet remembrance and public song, philosophy and folk life.
Traditional commentary
Tapas (heat/austerity), svadhyaya (study, often of sacred sound), and Ishvara-pranidhana (placing oneself toward the Lord) are the yoga of action in this text.
Modern interpretation
A life of practice can be three simple returns: a little heat, a little honest study, a little placing of the will beyond the small stubborn 'I'.